The systematic errors which persist and have regular effects in the performance of a survey operation are due to
A. carelessness
B. faulty instrument
C. inattention
D. none of these
The radius of curvature of the arc bubble tube is generally kept
A. 10m
B. 25m
C. 50m
D. 100m
Ranging is an operation of
A. reconnaissance
B. judging the distance
C. determination of slope
D. establishing intermediate points between terminals
In setting up a plane table at any station
A. levelling is done first
B. centering is done first
C. both centering and levelling are done simultaneously
D. oreintation is done first
Magnetic bearing of a survey line at any place
A. remains constant
B. changes systemaically
C. varies differently in different months of the yaer
D. is always greater than true bearing
Which of the following wrongly describes plane surveying?
A. it refers to a flat plane without considering curvature of the earth
B. it ignores the actual shape of the earth and allows use of plane geometry and trigonometry
C. it is performed on the surface of the earth
D. it considers the size and shape of the earth
Clinometer is used to measure
A. horizontal angle
B. vertical angle
C. defection angle
D. all of above
Determining the difference in elevation between two points on the surface of the earth is known as:
A. abney leveling
B. simple leveling
C. differential leveling
D. longitudinal leveling
Surveys in which the curvature of earth's surface is taken into consideration is known as,
A. plane survey
B. reconnaissance survey
C. geodetic survey
D. none of the above
The observed reading on a levelling staff was 3.525 m. If the staff was 0.125 m on from the original ground level, what should be the correct reading?
A. 3.525 m
B. 3.400 m
C. 3.650 m
D. 0.125 m
The representative fraction 1/2500 means that the scale is
A. 1 cm = 0.25 m
B. 1 cm = 2.5 m
C. 1 cm = 25 m
D. 1 cm = 250 m
Parallax is an adjustment called out in
A. chain surveying
B. levelling
C. plane table surveying
D. none of the above
When cross hairs of a theodolite are not clearly visible
A. the cross-hair should be adjusted
B. the eye piece should be focused
C. the objective should be focused
D. the parallax should be removed
The instrument which is used in plane tabling for obtaining horizontal and vetical distnaces directly without resorting to chainaing is
A. plane alidade
B. telescopic alidade
C. clinometer
D. tacheometer
A 15 cm theodolite means
A. length of telescope is 15cm
B. diameter of lower plate is 15cm
C. height of standrds is 15cm
D. radius of upper plate is 15cm
Which among the following is the most recent features incorporated in total station?
A. transit or electronic theodolite
B. remote control
C. GPS
D. electronic distance meter
Topographic map is used to represent the
A. natural detail
B. construction detail
C. artificial detail
D. all of above
Which of the following statement is not correct regarding field work levelling?
A. levelling should always start and finish at points of known RL so that misclosure can be detected
B. all sight length should be more than 60 m
C. staff must be held vertically by suitable use if bracket bubble
D. reading should be booked immediately after they are observed
Transiting is also known as
A. swinging
B. changing face
C. centering
D. plunging
The graduation in prismatic compass
A. are upright and run clockwise having 0 at south
B. are inverted and run clockwise having 0 at south
C. are inverted and run clockwise having 0 at north
D. are upright and run clockwise having 0 at north
Systematic error are those errors
A. which cannot be recognized
B. whose character is understood
C. both
D. whose effects are cumulative and can be eliminated
A freely floating needle slightly gets inclined to the horizontal anywhere except on the equator. It is called
A. declination
B. dip
C. local attraction
D. secular variation
Detailed plotting is generally done by
A. radiation
B. traversing
C. resection
D. all of above
If the staff is not held vertical at a levelling station, the reduced levels calculated from the observation would be
A. true R.L.
B. More than true R.L.
C. less than true R.L.
D. none of above
When internal angles are to be subtended by a theodolite survey for closed traverse
A. traverse should run clockwise
B. traverse should go counter clockwise
C. traverse may go either way
D. exterior angle are measured when the traverse goes anticlockwise
Which of the following methods of contouring is most suitable for hilly terrain?
A. direct method
B. square method
C. cross section method
D. tacheometric method
The perpendicular distnace/offset from a tangent to point of junction of transition curve and circular curve is
A. 4* shift
B. 3*shift
C. 2*shift
D. 6*shift
The instrument primarily used to measure both horizontal and vertical angles is a
A. dumpy level
B. theodolite
C. prismatic compass
D. planimeter
The line of collimation of a level is the line joining
A. the optical centre of the object glass and the intersection of the cross hairs
B. the trunnion axis and the vertical axis
C. the two ends of the bubble tube
D. the staff and the observer's eye
The back bearing of a line differs from its fore bearing by
A. 90 degrees
B. 180 degrees
C. 270 degrees
D. 360 degrees
On a contour map, closely spaced contour lines indicate
A. gentle slope
B. flat ground
C. steep slope
D. a depression only
A bench mark is a fixed reference point of
A. known horizontal position only
B. known elevation used as a reference for levelling
C. unknown elevation
D. temporary use only
A total station is essentially a combination of
A. an EDM and a levelling instrument
B. an electronic theodolite and an EDM
C. a compass and a plane table
D. an auto level and a levelling staff
The permissible closing error in an ordinary theodolite traverse for building work is generally taken as about
A. 1 in 500
B. 1 in 1000
C. 1 in 5000
D. 1 in 10
The technique of plotting all the accessible stations with a single up of plane table is called:
A. intersection
B. radiation
C. resection
D. traversing
An instrument used to find slopes of ground is:
A. planimeter
B. clinometer
C. box sextant
D. pantograph
The operation of turning the table so that all the lines on the paper are parallel to corresponding lines on the ground, is called:
A. levelling
B. centering
C. setting
D. orientation
Direct ranging is possible only when the end station are:
A. close to each other
B. not more than 100m apart
C. mutually inter-visible
D. located at highest points in the sea
In indirect method of contouring, the best method of interpretation of contours is:
A. by graphical method
B. by arithmetic calculation
C. by estimation
D. all of the above
A traverse deflection angle is:
A. less than 90°
B. more than 90° but less than 180°
C. the difference between the included angle and 180°
D. the difference between the 360° and included angle
Which among the following doesn’t indicate the basic calculation of the total station?
A. Horizontal distance
B. Slope distance
C. Vertical distance
D. Co-ordinate calculations
In a chain survey, the arrow is used to mark:
A. end of chain
B. location of ranging rod
C. offset of objects to be measured
D. none of the above
If the horizontal distance between the staff point and the point of observation is D, then the error due to curvature of the earth is proportional to
A. D
B. 1/D
C. D2
D. 1/D2
The three point problem can be solved by
A. tracing paper method
B. Bessel's method
C. Lehman's method
D. all of the above
A uniform slope was measured by the method of stepping. If the difference in level between two points is 1.8 m and the slope distance between them is 15 m, the error is approximately equal to,
A. cumulative, + 0.11 m
B. compensating, ±0.11 m
C. cumulative, - 0.11 m
D. none of the above
The stadia lines of a tacheometer are
A. top line and middle line
B. middle line and bottom line
C. top line and bottom line
D. none of the above
Contours of different elevations may cross each other only in the case of:
A. overhanging cliff
B. a vertical cliff
C. a saddle
D. an inclined plane
A point determined by resection on a plane table is called
A. survey point
B. survey station
C. plane table fix
D. none of the above
The permanent adjustment of a dumpy level in which the line of collimation is made parallel to the axis of the bubble tube is called the:
A. two-peg test
B. reciprocal levelling
C. trunnion axis test
D. sensitivity test
The instrument commonly used to set out right angles (offsets) in chain surveying is the:
A. clinometer
B. optical square
C. planimeter
D. pantograph
The whole circle bearing (WCB) system measures bearings in the range of:
A. 0° to 90°
B. 0° to 180°
C. 0° to 360°
D. -90° to +90°
The correction applied to a staff reading for the curvature of the earth in levelling is always:
A. positive
B. negative
C. zero
D. variable in sign
A traverse in which the last line closes exactly back onto the starting point is called a/an:
A. open traverse
B. closed traverse
C. compass traverse
D. free traverse
In tacheometric surveying, the constant 'K' used in the distance formula is generally known as the:
A. additive constant
B. multiplying constant
C. stadia interval only
D. focal length constant
The vertical distance between two consecutive contour lines on a topographic map is known as the:
A. contour interval
B. horizontal equivalent
C. datum line
D. contour gradient
Which principle of surveying emphasizes the need for accurate measurement of observations?
A. Principle of precision
B. Principle of reliability
C. Principle of consistency
D. Principle of repeateability
Which of the following is not used for setting perpendicular?
A. Line ranges
B. cross staff
C. Optical Sqaure
D. Prism square
The instrument attached to a wheel of a vehicle in order to measure the distance travelled is
A. passometer
B. Pedometer
C. Odometer
D. Speedometer
To measure the horizontal angles, the theodolite should be turned
A. Clockwise from the forward station to the back ststion
B. Clockwise from the back station to forward station
C. Anticlockwise from the forward station to the back station
D. anticlockwise from forward station to the back station
The brightness of image …............ the magnifying power.
A. is directly proportional
B. Varies directly as square of
C. is inversely propoertional
D. varies inversely as square of
The line joining the optical center of the object glass and center of eyepiece is
A. Axis of telescope
B. Fundamental line
C. Line of collimation
D. axis of level tube
Which of the following methods will give the best output for area?
A. Area by double mean distances
B. Area by triangles
C. Area by co-ordinates
D. Area by planimeter
'Trilateration' determines the position of survey points primarily by measuring:
A. elevation differences only
B. compass bearings only
C. distances (lengths of triangle sides) only
D. angles only
The primary function of the 'stadia hairs' in a surveying telescope is to:
A. help centre the plate bubble
B. measure the magnetic bearing
C. measure the vertical angle directly
D. enable measurement of horizontal distance and elevation via the staff intercept
A benchmark whose reduced level is fixed arbitrarily, not tied to mean sea level, is called a/an:
A. arbitrary benchmark
B. permanent benchmark
C. GTS benchmark
D. temporary benchmark
Which survey method is best suited for small, flat, open areas free of obstructions?
A. chain surveying
B. theodolite traversing
C. triangulation
D. aerial photogrammetry
'Convergence of meridians' is a concept mainly relevant in:
A. ordinary plane surveying
B. large-area or geodetic surveying, where meridians are not parallel
C. tacheometric surveying only
D. levelling work only
A 'well-conditioned' triangle used in triangulation surveys has angles that are:
A. all close to 90°
B. none smaller than about 30° and none larger than about 120°
C. all exactly equal to 60°
D. irrelevant to the survey's accuracy
Which of the following is a systematic (cumulative), rather than accidental, error in chaining?
A. chain vibrating slightly due to wind
B. error due to uncorrected sag of the chain
C. careless marking of intermediate stations
D. random misreading of the chain graduations
Theory of probability is applicable to
A. gross errors
B. systematic errors
C. random error
D. all of above
The strength of fix is poor when
A. the station is within the great traingle
B. the station is outside the great circle
C. the station is within the great circle but outside the great traingle
D. the station is on the great circle
Change points in levelling are
A. the instruments stations that are changed from one position to another
B. the staff stations that are changed from point to point to obtain the rdeuced levels of the points
C. the staff stations of known elevations
D. the staff stations where back sights and fore sight readings are taken
In route surveys, the most suitable method of contouring is
A. by squares
B. by radial lines
C. by cross sections
D. by tacheometer
The most commonly used set of theodolite operations are
A. right face and right swing
B. right face and left swing
C. left face and right swing
D. left face and left swing
A total station is a combination of
A. EDM and Theodolite
B. Compass and EDM
C. Electronic Theodolite and EDM
D. EDM and electronic compass
Probable accidental error in precise leveliing as recommended by International Geodetic Association should not exceed ( where k is in kilometers.)
A. ±0.1√K
B. ±0.5√K
C. ±1√K
D. ±2√K