Which type of soil is transported and deposited by wind?
a) Alluvial soil
b) Marine soil
c) Aeolian soil
d) Lacustrine soil

Black cotton soil is formed from the disintegration of which rock type?
a) Granite
b) Basalt
c) Sandstone
d) Limestone

Soils that remain at their place of formation are called:
a) Transported soils
b) Residual soils
c) Colluvial soils
d) Alluvial soils

Planting trees helps prevent which soil-related problem?
a) Soil settlement
b) Consolidation
c) Soil erosion
d) Population growth

Who is considered the father of soil mechanics?
a) Fellenius
b) Karl Terzaghi
c) Kray
d) Henkel

Which soil type is characterized by being highly organic and fibrous?
a) Marl
b) Peat
c) Muck
d) Loam

Which process is NOT a physical disintegration method in soil formation?
a) Wedging action of ice
b) Root expansion
c) Solution
d) Abrasion

Soil deposited by glaciers is called:
a) Loess
b) Till
c) Drift
d) Colluvium

Organic matter in soil makes it:
a) Swell when dry
b) Spongy in nature
c) Shrink when wet
d) More cohesive

Which soil type has the lowest specific gravity?
a) Bentonite
b) Quartz
c) Peat
d) Clay

The word 'soil' originates from which Latin word?
a) Sonum
b) Soila
c) Solium
d) Solia

Gully erosion is caused by:
a) Uniform surface flow
b) Concentrated water flow
c) Wind action
d) Glacier movement

Soil formation primarily occurs through:
a) Volcanic activity only
b) Disintegration of rocks
c) Organic decomposition
d) Atmospheric deposition

Which soil type lacks cohesion between particles?
a) Clay
b) Silt
c) Sand
d) Peat

Sheet erosion is primarily caused by:
a) Wind
b) Heavy rain
c) Glaciers
d) Rivers

Which soil type is generally most fertile?
a) Laterite
b) Black cotton
c) Alluvial
d) Red

Loess is a type of soil deposited by:
a) Rivers
b) Wind
c) Glaciers
d) Ocean waves

Black cotton soil is problematic for construction due to its:
a) High permeability
b) Low plasticity
c) Shrink-swell properties
d) High bearing capacity

Which soil classification system uses the term "boulder clay"?
a) Lacustrine
b) Glacial till
c) Marine
d) Aeolian

The geological cycle of soil formation does NOT include:
a) Weathering
b) Transportation
c) Deposition
d) Crystallization

Which soil property is NOT characteristic of black cotton soil?
a) High plasticity
b) Low shear strength
c) High permeability
d) High compressibility

Rill erosion differs from gully erosion in that it:
a) Forms deeper channels
b) Occurs only in deserts
c) Creates smaller, more numerous channels
d) Is caused by wind

Which soil type would be most suitable for foundation support?
a) Peat
b) Black cotton
c) Alluvial
d) Laterite

The calcium carbonate content is characteristic of which wind-deposited soil?
a) Dune sand
b) Loess
c) Till
d) Colluvium

Which soil formation process involves chemical changes?
a) Frost wedging
b) Hydration
c) Abrasion
d) Root expansion

The typical color of marine calcareous clay is:
a) Black
b) Red
c) Greenish
d) Yellow

What is the typical range of the specific gravity of soil solids?
a) 2.0 to 2.2
b) 1.2 to 1.6
c) 3.0 to 3.5
d) 2.6 to 2.8

A soil mass in a three-phase system consists of ______
a) solids, water and air
b) sand, gravel and air
c) solids and water only
d) solids and air only

The volume of voids V_v is equal to the sum of ______
a) the volume of air and volume of solids
b) the volume of air and volume of water
c) the volume of water and volume of solids
d) the volume of water and the weight of water

The phase diagram is also known as _______
a) soil grain diagram
b) block diagram
c) constituents diagram
d) element diagram

In the phase diagram, volumes are represented on the ________
a) left side
b) right side
c) top
d) bottom

For a fully saturated soil sample, the volume of voids is equal to _______
a) volume of air
b) volume of water
c) the volume of air and volume of water
d) the volume of water and volume of solids